Essays

Read our in-depth essays relating to the UncoverED project.

Phrenology emerged in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries as an “analytical science” involving the study of the shape and dimensions of the human skull.

During the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, many medical graduates from the University of Edinburgh travelled to the West Indies (modern-day Caribbean) for work. At first, they practiced exclusively on white inhabitants, but it was eventually expected that planters would hire doctors to treat enslaved Africans.

Read more about the experience of Caribbean students in Edinburgh during the 1960s.